| Alternate
Healing
By Ivan Sada
 Where
do you go for treat-ment when you are ill? The choice is
immense: international or local, Western or Eastern, contemporary
or traditional... There are many options and although healing
your illness is the goal of each, the diagnosis, therapy,
medications and dosages differ, as do the results and even
the history of each system. Ultimately, however, the choice
for healing in Nepal comes down to two types, by using modern
or allopathic medicine or with more traditional, alternative
or complementary medicine.
The term complementary medicine and alternative medicine
are used interchangeably, worldwide; and ‘medicine’,
itself, may mean modern or traditional. Traditional medicine
is usually defined as that which is based on what is practiced
within the country of origin. Among the complementary ways
of practicing medicine, however, some are considered in
medical circles to be equivalent to the modern or allopathic
medicine that is taught at universities.
The Open International University for Contemporary Medicines
was founded in 1962 following the World Health Organization’s
Alma Ata Declaration. It was accorded international recognition
and charged with making alternative medical systems popular.
The university was founded to help bring about a better
understanding of human health by increasing public awareness
and the popularity of alternative medicines. It was hoped
that achieving this goal would be well underway by the year
2000, giving people a new holistic approach in life. In
fact, dissatisfaction with the Western medical system was
already being expressed by many people and as the popularity
of alternative approaches grew, patients sought out practitioners
who care about the health of the whole person and not merely
interested in prescribing medications to treat their obvious
symptoms. By establishing international teaching facilities,
medical students could learn the variety of theories, ideologies
and schools of thought on alternative medicines, from all
over the world, thus broadening our approach to health.
Through the Open University for Contemporary Medicine, students
in various locations have the opportunity to become well-rounded
practitioners in a variety of alternative medicines, while
adopting a humanized approach to people’s ailments.
Since 1966, more than 50 students from Nepal have completed
their Masters and Doctorate degrees in contemporary medicine
from the international university’s campus in Sri
Lanka, the Medicinia Alternative Institute. And, as contemporary
therapy has become more popular in Nepal and elsewhere around
the globe, over 50 percent of chronically ill patients who
have used it say it give better results and more relief
compared to modern medicines, due in part to negligible
side effect and better overall response.
The spread of traditional
medicine
When local people become ill in Nepal they initially resort
to faith healers. They also make special requests (for healing)
to temple deities. Some believe that by fasting on special
days or time, or avoiding certain foods, reading rice positions,
calling on the gods, or donating food, cloth or money, they
can be healed. Sometimes strong faith works wonders but,
ultimately, the sick (or family members responsible for
them) may turn to other more established systems of medicine,
where they are available in rural or urban areas.
Naturopathy
 Naturopathy,
or naturopathic medicine,
is a system of medicine that relies on the healing power
of Nature. It is a holistic system. Its practitioners
seek to find the cause of illness or disease by understanding
the patient’s body, mind and spirit. Most naturopaths
use a wide variety of therapies and techniques encompassing
nutrition, herbal medicine, homeopathy, and acupuncture;
hence, they mix systems seeking the most effective results.
Naturopaths promote the body’s own ability to
heal, and they encourage and empower their patients
to make the changes in lifestyle necessary for good
health. While they treat illness and chronic problems,
their main emphasis is on disease prevention and patient
education.
The modern form of naturopathy can be traced to 18th-
and 19th-century natural healing systems. Such systems
include water therapy (hydrotherapy) and nature cures,
based on the use of food, air, light, water, and herbs
to treat illness. Both of these approaches are immensely
popular in Europe. In 1902, naturopathy gained even
more of a following with the founding of the American
School of Naturopathy by a German immigrant to America,
named Benjamin Lust. His school gained attention worldwide
for its emphasis on the use of natural cures, proper
bowel habits, and good hygiene as the essential tools
for health. This was the first time that dietary principles,
like increasing fiber intake and minimizing saturated
fats, became popular.
From the mid-1920s to 1940, while allopathic medical
training, modern pharmaceuticals and medical technologies
gained notoriety, naturopathic medicine declined, but
regained popularity in the 1960s. Today, naturopaths
are licensed primary care providers in many places in
Nepal. They offer information and advice on a variety
of alternative and complementary therapies, including
homeopathy, vitamin and mineral supplements, relaxation
techniques, and herbal remedies.
A Conversation with Dr Surya Bahadur Karki,
Chairman, Institute of Natural Medicine, Nepal
What is naturopathy
medicine based upon?
Naturopathy is based on three principles. (a) All forms
of diseases are due to accumulation of waste matter.
(b) Acute symptoms called diseases are the body’s
self effort to remove it and unnatural suppression may
lead to more complications called chronic diseases.
(c) A body has the ability to return from an unhealthy
state to a healthy state, if allowed to do so naturally.
Thus Naturopathy has three aims: to remove the cause,
to prevent the occurrence, and to regulate and improve
body’s vital force.
Naturopathy is supported with the aid of five elements
of nature:
• Earth: covering a wide
range of therapies including mud, herbal, diet, and
magnet therapy.
• Air: applied as oxygen
or breathing therapy.
• Water: applied as hydrotherapy.
• Sun: applied as chromo
therapy.
• Sky: applied as free space
to perform different therapies.
What should one
expect from a visit to a naturopath?
A visit to a naturopathic doctor will be similar to
a visit to your family doctor. Your first visit may
take more than an hour. During this time, a very thorough
history is taken, including questions about diet, lifestyle,
stress, and environmental exposures. Next, the doctor
will perform an appropriate physical examination, which
may require laboratory tests. Naturopathic doctors treat
the whole person, which means they consider a variety
of factors before they diagnose and treat an illness
such as making a diagnosis that includes your mental,
emotional and spiritual state, diet, family history,
environment, and lifestyle.
What are the more
common treatments?
They include nutritional counseling, herbal medicine,
Homeopathic medicine, acupuncture, hydrotherapy, physical
medicine, detoxification, spirituality, and many others.
Note that hydrotherapy therapies include drinking natural
spring water, taking baths, and exercising in water,
all of which are thought to stimulate and support healing
and strengthen the immune system. The approach through
physical medicine involves using touch, hot and cold
compresses, electric currents, and sound waves to manipulate
the muscles, bones, and spine. Detoxification removes
toxins from the body by using techniques such as fasting,
enemas, and drinking water in large amounts. Under spirituality
personal spiritual development is encouraged as an important
part of an overall health program. Naturopaths consider
patients to be partners in their healthcare, so you
may be asked to make lifestyle changes, such as changing
your sleeping, eating and exercise habits.
What illnesses
and conditions respond well to naturopathy?
Because Naturopaths successfully combine so many therapies
it is difficult to single out specific illnesses for
which naturopathy is recommended. In fact, naturopaths
treat both acute and chronic conditions from arthritis
to ear infections, from HIV to asthma to congestive
heart failure to hepatitis. Naturopathy practitioners
treat the whole person rather than simply treating a
disease or its symptoms. They strive to maintain a balanced
state of good health in their patients. Because of this
holistic approach, chronic conditions may be particularly
suited to a practitioners care. |
Currently,
one third of the world’s population overall and half
of the population of the poor countries are dependent on
traditional, alternative or complementary (local) medicine.
Some of those systems are well recognized. In Nepal, for
example, besides modern allopathic medicine, systems of
Ayurvedic, Naturopathic, Homeopathic, Acupuncture and Unani
healing are nationally recognized and authorized.
The knowledge and practice of such alternative medical systems
are traditionally passed practically and orally from generation
to generation, though some are backed up by well-established
and ancient schools of learning. Sometimes the practitioners
are highly specialized, focusing on specific diseases. They
tend to function well in more rural areas, where allopathic
assistance is negligible, but are also popular among urban
populations. Interestingly, many alternative medicine practitioners
do well in treating and caring for some diseases where other
medical practitioners have to think twice about how to proceed.
Recognizing the value of alternative medicines, in 2000
the Nepal Complementing Medicine Practitioner Association
was established. This organization’s aim is to give
support and share knowledge among local and international
practitioners and physicians in similar fields, and to interact
with local and international NGOs to increase popularity
and broaden practitioner networks. The alternative approaches
are very popular in Nepal, due largely to tradition and
to the relative lack of modern alternatives in many parts
of the country. Studies have shown that the recovery rate
is good to better than average in most cases, and that in
some instances, in treating some specific ailments, local
systems are less successful compared with results using
modern alternative medicine.
In Nepal’s larger towns and cities, patients have
several choices available to them when seeking treatment
for illness. It has been found, for example, that in these
settings though people know about complementary/alternative
or local medicine, their first choice is modern allopathic
medicine, followed secondly by ayurvedic medicine. At first,
the average person will consult a neighborhood medical shop
or pharmacy (allopathic or ayurvedic). If that fails, or
if they are unsatisfied or are considered emergency cases,
they will seek out a more costly modern (Western) medical
clinic or private practitioner for help. Some, however,
will opt instead for complementary/alternative or traditional
medicines, treatments or therapies. In short, both systems
are popular, side by side, but unfortunately many ill people
postpone seeking help beyond local cures and neighborhood
medical shops until their condition is very serious.
In sum, while modern allopathic medicine is known to be
popular and effective, fast responding, and constantly being
improved upon with new research findings and the like, in
chronic cases, many patients find better results by using
complementary/alternative local therapies, or by using both
the modern and the complementary systems side by side.
Ayurveda
 The
culmination of the Vedic scientific language into medical
language is known as ayurveda, which is a traditional
system of medicine that originated in South Asia. It
is the oldest known continuously practiced medical system
and incorporates every aspect of holistic healing. It
has influenced the development of many other medical
systems including Chinese, Arabic, Greek, Tibetan and
modern Western medicine. Ayurveda pre-dates written
records, so it is not clear when and where it was first
developed. Nevertheless, Nepal has reserved a special
place in the history of ayurveda, as some believe that
the knowledge was obtained in the Himalayan foothills.
The biodiversity of Nepal makes it a fertile region
for many ayurvedic herbs and local conditions encourage
the growth of unique flora used in this form of medicine.
The knowledge of ayurveda was passed down orally for
generations, and later was recorded as part of the Vedas—among
the oldest books known on earth. The Vedas are vast
texts that incorporate information on all aspects of
life and society, including the practice of health and
longevity known as Ayurveda, the Science of Life.
Ayurveda is a popular form of treatment for many people
around the world even though it is not entirely understood.
The value of many herbs and therapies is now gaining
recognition and has been clinically validated. There
is an increase of interest in the West because it is
a holistic, natural and an effective healing system.
It recognizes the individual as unique and more than
just a physical entity. According to ayurveda, to be
‘healthy’ is not only the absence of disease
but is a state of balance in all aspects of the human
body including the mind and soul. Ayurveda provides
us with a complete understanding of what is life-sustaining
and what is not, both physical and spiritual. This includes
descriptions of the kind of diet, lifestyle and behavior
that is optimal for well-being, the ideal environment,
and the herbal effects that are good or bad for each
of these aspects of health.
There are two types of ayurvedic practitioners in Nepal—the
traditional healer, better known as a Vaidya, and the
more formally educated Ayurvedic doctor. A Vaidya typically
does not undergo any formal training in medical therapy;
they are hereditary healers whose knowledge is what
has been passed on from one generation to the next.
The more formal ayurvedic doctor, on the other hand,
undergoes extensive education in the Science of Life.
Ayurvedic is embedded in the Nepalese society and many
ayurvedic clinics around the valley cater to those who
wish to seek health related advice, medication or holistic
healing. Among them, the Shree Krishna Aushadhalaya
in Bagbazaar (downtown Kathmandu) and the Ayurvedic
Health Home at Dhapasi (on the outskirts of the valley)
stand out. The former is a one stop shop and handles
only pure and natural ayurvedic medicines. The latter
is a private institution under joint Nepalese-German
management.
The government of Nepal has also taken many initiatives
to nurture and establish ayurveda-based institutions.
The Nepal Rajkiya Ayurveda Vidyalaya at Naradevi offers
bachelor degree programs in line with contemporary standards.
The Naradevi Ayurvedic Campus is the constituent campus
of the Institute of Medicine under Tribhuvan University.
The Department of Ayurveda under the Ministry of Health
is the apex body for ayurveda in the country. It is
responsible for the overall supervision of other units
such as zonal level ayurvedic dispensaries and district
ayurvedic aushadhalayas (medical halls). Though there
are many institutions practicing ayurvedic treatment,
the Naradevi Ayurvedic Hospital at Chettrapati in Kathmandu
is the only fully ayurvedic hospital in the country.
It has a popular reputation for the treatment of jaundice
(hepatitis).
Ayurveda is not relevant only to a particular time,
place or people. Instead, it offers guidance on how
to live a healthy, balanced and harmonious life to all
people through all ages. It is a science based on detailed
theories and principles, whieh evolution and define
the environment and human beings, and how they relate
to one another. |
Nowadays,
in fact, complementary/alternative medical systems have
increased in availability, scope and popularity, compared
with the not so distant past. This is partly due to the
spread of information about them patient to patient, and
by the modern intervention of television, radio, magazines,
the Internet, and other sources. It is also helped by government
initiatives in support of complementary systems. Many alternative
health centers in Kathmandu, for example, have a good number
of skilled physicians and practitioners, and global research
on new alternative technologies, medicines and tools has
raised their quality of service and results. The whole world
is going ‘back to nature’, it seems, by using
natural products and approached as much as possible and
by attempting to rely more on the laws of nature regarding
health and healing.
Comparative Medicines:
Systems and Practitioners
In numbers, ayurvedic physicians and practitioners rank
first among the variety of so-called ‘alternative’
medical systems compared to naturopathy, homeopathy, unani,
Tibetan and acupuncture. Ayurveda is supported by government
and privately run hospitals, health centers and educational
and research centers and for a long time has also had its
own independent council.
To increase the capacity and quality of manpower and centers,
the leaders in each system of alternative medicine are trying
their best to improve their hospitals and educational centers,
with active support by the government in recent years. Their
quality will be best judged and placed when the Alternative
Medical Council Act is written. This new legislation is
already under development by Nepal’s lawmakers. The
Act will bring different complementing/alternative medicine
systems and practitioners under one umbrella.
Meanwhile, let’s examine five of the most popular
alternative systems of medicine available in Nepal: naturopathy,
homeopathy, ayurveda, acupuncture and unani.
Acupuncture
 Health,
both physical and mental is an important aspect of our lives.
When Western sciences do not show desired results, then
there is an entire range of alternative therapies. One of
them is acupuncture. This therapy is not in contradiction
to modern day allopathic treatment, but is an alternative
or complementary therapy, using a holistic approach to treatment.
Acupuncture is as much a philosophical approach towards
treating the body and the mind as it is a physical therapy
for healing. For some, ‘mind over matter’ is
the underlying thrust of this form of treatment to obtain
positive results.
The term acupuncture derives from the Latin ocus, meaning
needle, and pungere meaning to puncture or penetrate. It
is an external treatment for internal disorders. The treatment
is carried out by inserting needles at various specified
points all over the body to effect specific relief from
pain and for healing. It is considered to be both a science
and an art, and is drugless.
The history of acupuncture in China dates back to many centuries
BC, when stone needles were used instead of today’s
finely manufactured stainless steel ones. The reign of the
Yellow Emperor of China saw the progression and preservation,
observations and documentation of this drugless therapy.
Acupuncture developed steadily in China, and between 250
and 600 AD a number of books and charts were written to
describe the channels and points for the treatment of an
even greater number of conditions. Through the centuries,
following the publication of these important works and with
many of the traditions being passed from one generation
to the next, acupuncture practice progressed.
The Chinese define acupuncture as the art of healing. It
is practically free of side effects commonly encountered
in drug therapy. The most common side effect from acupuncture
is a positive feeling of deep relaxation and an increased
sense of well being. Acupuncture is a simple, safe, effective
and economical form of therapy. A popular explanation offered
for the discovery of acupuncture is a story of a warrior
wounded by an arrow. The arrow was removed, the wound healed,
and a disease in an unrelated part of the body was also
cured. The cause and effect between the punctured points
and the diseases it cured was worked out by an observant
physician and a series of points were charted.
Acupuncture is effective in various disorders falling into
three main categories:
• Painful. Pain is the main
syndrome of this category, including headaches, migraine,
trigeminal neuralgia, low backache, sciatica, arthritis,
tennis elbow, cervical spondylosis, muscular spasms, intercostal
neuralgia, dysmenorrhoea, frozen shoulder, etc.
• Psychosomatic. This includes
insomnia, fatigue, sexual disturbance, gastritis, constipation,
irritable bowel syndrome, stress related discomforts like
anxiety, depression, certain allergies, certain gynaecological
problems, bronchial asthma, addictions, enuresis, eczema,
etc.
• Musculo-skeletal. This includes
facial paralysis, Bell’s palsy, stroke-causing paralysis
of lower upper body, peripheral neuropathies, etc.
A Conversation with Dr Harish Chandra Shah, Senior
Physician and Acupuncturist, Naradevi Ayurvedic Hospital,
Kathmandu
Are you the first
acupuncturist in Nepal?
Perhaps I am. I studied medicine in China under a scholarship
plan and did my post graduation in acupuncture. After my
return, I was appointed as a Senior Medical Officer at the
Naradevi Hospital where I began my practice, almost 25 years
ago.
What is the status
of acupuncture in Nepal?
When I started my clinic, we just had a few patients. Now
we have more than 50 to 60 patients daily. I have written
many articles, perhaps more than anyone else, to introduce
acupuncture in Nepal.
What factor determines
the response of a patient to acupuncture?
The response of a patient to acupuncture depends on the
severity of the illness, the chronicity of the illness,
the general health, constitution, emotional balance, diet,
lifestyle along with a very open and unbiased receptive
mind to the line of treatment. Mind over matter is the key
to positive results.
How quickly can acupuncture
treat on illness?
In this age of ‘instant gratification’, the
‘patient’ needs to learn ‘patience’.
The response varies from individual to individual. Those
having good general vitality, children, and those with a
less chronic illness often respond faster. And as said,
mind plays an important role.
Does acupuncture cure
a problem permanently - or provide temporary relief?
Nothing in life is permanent except, perhaps, death. Acupuncture
does provide effective relief in many situations like low
backache, cervical spondylitis, frozen shoulder, etc. In
some case it provides symptomatic relief and the patient
might have to take treatment at regular intervals. If the
working disability is reduced and emotional anxiety and
distress is effectively managed, we have more than won the
battle of life.
Is it effective as
a single mode of treatment or in conjunction with other?
This depends on the illness or disease that the patient
is suffering from. In a case of frozen shoulder, a single
mode of treatment is effective. If a person is suffering
from hypertension the drug therapy and acupuncture therapy
will have to be closely monitored.
Does acupuncture have
side effects and how long does the treatment last?
Acupuncture has relatively no side effects except the most
common—a feeling of deep relaxation and an increased
sense of well-being. The duration of treatment is decided
by the duration of the disease. The less chronic an illness,
the less number of sittings.
Homeopathy
 Homeopathy,
or homeopathic medicine, is a holistic system of treatment
that originated in the late 18th century, formally founded
by a German physician, Samuel Hahnemann (1755–1843).
Hahnemann was disturbed by the medical system of his time,
believing that its’ cures were crude and that some
of its’ strong drugs and treatments did more harm
than good to patients. The name ‘homeopathy’
is derived from two Greek words that mean ‘like disease’.
Homeopathy is based on the idea that substances that produce
symptoms of sickness in healthy people will have a curative
effect when given in very dilute quantities to sick people
who exhibit those same symptoms. The remedies are believed
to stimulate the body’s own healing processes. Homeopaths
use the term ‘allopathy,’ or ‘different
than disease,’ to describe the use of drugs used in
conventional medicine to oppose or counteract the symptom
being treated.
Homeopathic practitioners believe that illness is specific
to an individual. Thus, two people with severe headaches
may not receive the same remedies. The practitioner will
ask the patient questions about lifestyle, dietary habits,
and personality traits, as well as specific questions about
the nature of the headache and when it occurs. The main
purpose of Homeopathy is to restore the body its natural
state of homeostasis, or healthy balance. The symptoms of
a disease are regarded as the body’s own defensive
attempt to correct its imbalance, rather than as enemies
to be defeated.
Homoeopathy is highly scientific, logical, safe, quick and
extremely effective method of healing. It offers long lasting
to permanent cure treating the disease from its roots for
most of the ailments. It also is the most rational science
with respect to its concept of health, disease and cure.
Homoeopathy does not treat superficially by just driving
away the symptoms but heals the patient from within.
The Government of Nepal has been trying to make its health
system simple, cheap and more systematized. The Health Service
Act of 1996 recognizes homeopathic medicine under the national
health service system. It was introduced to Nepal during
the Rana Regime (in the 1920s, under Prime Minister Chandra
Shamsher). In 1922, during an epidemic of cholera, Dr K.
Mukherjee from India visited Nepal and used camphor as a
homeopathic treatment for those who were afflicted.
In 1953, Ram Agori Baba, a saintly yogi, requested King
Tribhuvan to establish a homeopathic hospital, and on his
initiative the Pashupati Homeopathic Hospital was established
with outdoor patient services and a six bed facility located
at Harihar Bhawan, Lalitpur. From 1955 to 1973, Dr Achyut
Bahadur Shrestha was appointed as the Royal Homeopathic
Physician.
Clinics providing homeopathic services in remote parts of
Nepal were also established. There are also several private
organizations, such as the Bhaktapur Homeopathic Clinic
in Bhaktapur, which came into existence from a project called
Bhaktapur International Homeopathic Clinic of European Doctors.
The Nepal Homoeopathic Medical College is the first institute
in the country to formally teach homeopathy medicine. The
college was established in December 2002.
There are more than 70 homeopathic doctors in the country
who have been trained and graduated from India. The government
has also organized various meetings to establish an alternative
council that will bring homeopathy, naturopathy, Chinese
medicine, acupuncture and unani under the
umbrella of alternative council.
Unani Medicine
 Although
Unani medicine has already crossed its 75th year in Nepal,
the threads that comprise Unani healing can be traced all
the way back to the second century of the Christian era.
The basic knowledge of Unani medicine as a healing system
was developed by Hakim Ibn Sina (known as Avicenna in the
West). He was primarily influenced by Greek and Islamic
medicine and also by the Indian medical teachings of Sushruta
and Charaka.
Unani medicine is very close to Ayurveda. Both are based
on theory of the presence of the elements (in Unani: fire,
water, earth and air) in the human body. According to followers
of Unani medicine, these elements are present in different
fluids and their balance leads to health and their imbalance
leads to illness.
A
Conversation about Unani medicine with Dr. Khwaja Ali Shah
How did Unani medicine
start in Nepal?
In 1926, Hakim Khwaja Hasen Shah [a Nepali Muslim] completed
his education in Unani medicine from Lucknow and returned
to Nepal, but he did not know how to go about practicing
his profession. In the meantime, two Bengali doctors were
taking care of a prince who was diagnosed with tuberculosis
and in whom there were no signs of recovery. King Tribhuvan
summoned Hakim Shah who determined that the diagnosis was
incorrect. As the story goes, Hakim Shah then asked the
king for two pearls which he crushed to dust, added other
ingredients and used them to treat the prince. In time,
the prince recovered. The king was pleased and at the request
of Hakim Shah, he gave the doctor a tablet-compressing machine.
The prime minister was also impressed and with his help
the first and perhaps the only Unani medical clinic was
established in Nepal.
Could you elaborate
more on the subject?
In the early days, under the Prime Ministership of Juddha
Shamsher, Unani Medicine Nepal came under the auspices of
the Department of Health. Over time, there was a movement
to discredit the practice by others and it was shut down.
Some years later, King Mahendra became aware of the situation
and Hakim Shah was again appointed its keeper until the
day he died, after 48 years of service.
Are there other Unani
Medicine practitioners in Nepal?
I’m the son of the late Hakim and I started practicing
Unani medicine from an early age. My son has not followed
the profession as I did. Thus, I would say, perhaps I’m
the only one at the moment.
Why did Unani medicine
not develop in Nepal?
People in the government do not want its development in
Nepal. I still remember someone saying that if I was not
a Muslim, Unani medicine would have developed. That is the
mindset of the governing body. Moreover they still have
not provided us with proper accommodation. Just imagine
how we operate within three rooms at the Homeopathy hospital.
How effective is
Unani medicine and what is the response by the people?
Unani is actually the mother of allopathy and I would say
it is effective. According to my experience, most patients
who come to us are chronic patients. They have tried everything
to be cured, and as their last option they come to us. You
would have to see to believe that they eventually are cured.
We
would like to acknowledge and thank Dr. Subundu Gupta for
providing much of the information for the article, and Bidur
Dongol of Vajra Books, Thamel, for providing research materials.
Sources for the article
Nepal’s Institute of Natural Medicine - www.nepalmeditation.com,
Ayurveda – ‘Resurgence of Ayurveda’ by
Shivendra Thapa, ECS magazine, June 2004 (archived at www.ecs.com.np/archive/june_06/article_1.htm),
Homeopathy - www.Imhint.net/is nepal.html;
Contact numbers of physicians and clinics/hospitals:
Ayurveda
Shree Krishna Aushadhalaya, Bag Bazaar – 4222079
Ayurvedic Health Home, Dhapasi – 4358761
Naradevi Ayurvedic Hospital, 4259182, 4259764
Homeopathy
Dr. Mohammad Shabbir Khan, Department Chief, Pashupati Homeopathic
Hospital, Harihar Bhawan – 5522092, Bhaktapur Homeopathy
Clinic – 6637123
Acupuncture
Dr. Harish Chandra Shah, Senior Physician and Acupuncturist,
Naradevi Ayurvedic Hospital, Contact: 9851042533 / 4482482
Unani
Dr. Khwaja Ali Shah, Unani Clinic, Bag Bazar – 9841342521,
5522092
Naturopathy
Dr Surya Bahadur Karki, Chairman, Institute of Natural Medicine
– 4380725,
Dr. Subundu Gupta - 4261629
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