H
E R I T A G E T A L E
Look a little closer
Where
science and tradition meet
By Anil Chitrakar
The
people of Kathmandu believe that the valley was once a lake and
the home of the sacred serpents – Nagas. When the lake was
drained and subsequently inhabited by people, the Nagas were allocated
homes in the different smaller lakes such as Taudaha (on the way
to Dakshinkali) so that they would not leave the valley. The people
of the valley strongly believe that when all the snakes leave the
valley, there will be no rains, and drought will bring sufferings
to the inhabitants. These beliefs and values are reiterated and
represented in the numerous art and culture of the Kathmandu Valley.
We even have a day dedicated to the snakes – Naga Panchami.
The well is one of the sources of water for the people of Kathmandu.
If you take a closer look, you will see that the upper part of the
well is encircled by the sacred serpent. When it rains in the Kathmandu
Valley, the soil gets saturated and, because of the fact that it
was a lake, water does not go down below the water proof layer that
must have been the bottom of the lake. Consequently, when we dig
a well in any part of the valley floor, water seeps in from all
sides and fills it up. During the monsoon, the water level will
be very high, and as winter and spring set in, the water table goes
lower and lower; and then some time in June, the wells will nearly
be dry. It is at this time that the people of the valley celebrate
the SITI NAKHA, a local festival for cleaning wells and water sources.
The wells have to be cleaned each year for dirt, soil, weeds and
even buckets that might have fallen in when a rope (that is used
to pull them up) snapped. At the beginning of the well cleaning
process, the Nagas, who symbolize water, rain and soil fertility,
have to be appeased. The ritual involves lighting an oil lamp and
sending it down the shaft before humans go in. If the lamp goes
off, people know that the snakes are not happy, do not want to be
disturbed and the well is not to be entered. This tradition can
be explained as a simple flame test for carbon monoxide or other
gases not good for people. It is, therefore, important to take a
closer look at the Nagas on the wells, respect them and perform
a “flame test” before cleaning the wells.
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